oṃ śrī paramātmane namaḥ
atha aṣṭamo'dhyāyaḥ |
akṣaraparabrahmayogaḥ
arjuna uvāca
akṣaraparabrahmayogaḥ
arjuna uvāca
kiṃ tadbrahma kimadhyātmaṃ kiṃ karma puruṣottama |
adhibhūtaṃ ca kiṃ proktamadhidaivaṃ kimucyate || 1 ||
adhibhūtaṃ ca kiṃ proktamadhidaivaṃ kimucyate || 1 ||
- arjunaArjuna
- uvācasaid
- kiṃwhat
- tadthat
- brahmaBrahman
- kimwhat
- adhyātmaṃspiritual self
- kiṃwhat
- karmaaction
- puruṣottamaO best among men (puruṣa:man | uttama:best)
- adhibhūtaṃpertaining to elements
- caand
- kiṃwhat
- proktamis declared
- adhidaivaṃpertaining to deities
- kimwhat
- ucyateis said
adhiyajñaḥ kathaṃ ko'tra dehe'sminmadhusūdana |
prayāṇakāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo'si niyatātmabhiḥ || 2 ||
prayāṇakāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo'si niyatātmabhiḥ || 2 ||
- adhiyajñaḥthe presiding deity of sacrifice (adhi:presiding over | yajñaḥ:sacrifice)
- kathaṃhow
- kaḥwho
- atrahere
- dehein the body
- asminthis
- madhusūdanaO destroyer of Madhu (madhu:Madhu | sūdana:destroyer)
- prayāṇakāleat the time of departure (prayāṇa:departure | kāle:at the time)
- caand
- kathaṃhow
- jñeyaḥto be known
- asiare you
- niyatātmabhiḥby the self-controlled (niyata:controlled | ātmabhiḥ:by the selves)
śrībhagavānuvāca
akṣaraṃ brahma paramaṃ svabhāvo'dhyātmamucyate |
bhūtabhāvodbhavakaro visargaḥ karmasañjñitaḥ || 3 ||
bhūtabhāvodbhavakaro visargaḥ karmasañjñitaḥ || 3 ||
- śrībhagavān uvācaThe Blessed Lord said (śrī:blessed | bhagavān:Lord | uvāca:said)
- akṣaramimperishable
- brahmaBrahman
- paramamsupreme
- svabhāvaḥessential nature
- adhyātmamSelf-knowledge
- ucyateis called
- bhūtabhāvodbhavakaraḥcreative force causing manifestation (bhūta:beings | bhāva:state | udbhava:arising | karaḥ:causing)
- visargaḥcreative force
- karmasaṃjñitaḥcalled work (karma:work | saṃjñitaḥ:called)
adhibhūtaṃ kṣaro bhāvaḥ puruṣaścādhidaivatam |
adhiyajño'hamevātra dehe dehabhṛtāṃ vara || 4 ||
adhiyajño'hamevātra dehe dehabhṛtāṃ vara || 4 ||
- adhibhūtampertaining to elements (adhi:pertaining to | bhūtam:elements)
- kṣaraḥperishable
- bhāvaḥnature
- puruṣaḥthe person
- caand
- adhidaivatampertaining to divinity (adhi:pertaining to | daivatam:divinity)
- adhiyajñaḥpertaining to sacrifice (adhi:pertaining to | yajñaḥ:sacrifice)
- ahamI
- evaindeed
- atrahere
- dehein the body
- dehabhṛtāmof the embodied (deha:body | bhṛtām:of the bearers)
- varabest
antakāle ca māmeva smaranmuktvā kalevaram |
yaḥ prayāti sa madbhāvaṃ yāti nāstyatra saṃśayaḥ || 5 ||
yaḥ prayāti sa madbhāvaṃ yāti nāstyatra saṃśayaḥ || 5 ||
- antakāleat the time of death (anta:end | kāle:at the time)
- caand
- māmMe
- evaalone
- smaranremembering
- muktvāhaving left
- kalevaramthe body
- yaḥwho
- prayātigoes forth
- sahe
- madbhāvamMy being (mad:My | bhāvam:being)
- yātiattains
- nano
- astiis
- atrahere
- saṃśayaḥdoubt
yaṃ yaṃ vāpi smaranbhāvaṃ tyajatyante kalevaram |
taṃ tamevaiti kaunteya sadā tadbhāvabhāvitaḥ || 6 ||
taṃ tamevaiti kaunteya sadā tadbhāvabhāvitaḥ || 6 ||
- yaṃwhosoever
- yaṃwhosoever
- vāor
- apialso
- smaranremembering
- bhāvambeing
- tyajatileaves
- anteat the end
- kalevarambody
- tamto that
- tamto that
- evaonly
- etigoes
- kaunteyaO son of Kunti
- sadāalways
- tadbhāvabhāvitaḥbecause of constant thought (tad:that | bhāva:thought | bhāvitaḥ:imbued with)
tasmātsarveṣu kāleṣu māmanusmara yudhya ca |
mayyarpitamanobuddhirmāmevaiṣyasyasaṃśayam || 7 ||
mayyarpitamanobuddhirmāmevaiṣyasyasaṃśayam || 7 ||
- tasmāttherefore
- sarveṣuin all
- kāleṣutimes
- māmMe
- anusmararemember
- yudhyafight
- caand
- mayiin Me
- arpitafixed
- manobuddhiḥmind and intellect (manaḥ:mind | buddhiḥ:intellect)
- māmMe
- evaalone
- eṣyasiyou shall come
- asaṃśayamdoubtless
abhyāsayogayuktena cetasā nānyagāminā |
paramaṃ puruṣaṃ divyaṃ yāti pārthānucintayan || 8 ||
paramaṃ puruṣaṃ divyaṃ yāti pārthānucintayan || 8 ||
- abhyāsayogayuktenaby practice and yoga (abhyāsa:practice | yoga:yoga | yuktena:by being united)
- cetasāby the mind
- nanot
- anyagāmināgoing to another (anya:another | gāminā:going)
- paramaṃsupreme
- puruṣaṃperson
- divyaṃdivine
- yātigoes
- pārthaO Partha
- anucintayanmeditating
kaviṃ purāṇamanuśāsitāramaṇoraṇīyaṃsamanusmaredyaḥ|
sarvasya dhātāramacintyarūpamādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt || 9 ||
sarvasya dhātāramacintyarūpamādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt || 9 ||
- kavimthe poet
- purāṇamancient
- anuśāsitāramthe ruler
- aṇoḥthan the atom
- aṇīyāṃsamminuter
- anusmaretmeditates upon
- yaḥwhosoever
- sarvasyaof all
- dhātāramthe supporter
- acintyarūpamof inconceivable form (acintya:inconceivable | rūpam:form)
- ādityavarṇameffulgent like the sun (āditya:sun | varṇam:effulgent)
- tamasaḥof darkness
- parastātbeyond
prayāṇakāle manasācalena bhaktyā yukto yogabalena caiva|
bhruvormadhye prāṇamāveśya samyaksa taṃ paraṃ puruṣamupaiti divyam || 10 ||
bhruvormadhye prāṇamāveśya samyaksa taṃ paraṃ puruṣamupaiti divyam || 10 ||
- prayāṇakāleat the time of departure (prayāṇa:departure | kāle:at the time)
- manasāwith the mind
- acalenaunshaken
- bhaktyāwith devotion
- yuktaḥengaged
- yogabalenaby the power of yoga (yoga:yoga | balena:by the power)
- caand
- evaindeed
- bhruvoḥof the eyebrows
- madhyebetween
- prāṇambreath
- āveśyafixing
- samyakproperly
- saḥhe
- tamthat
- paramsupreme
- puruṣamPurusha
- upaitireaches
- divyamresplendent
yadakṣaraṃ vedavido vadanti viśanti yadyatayo vītarāgāḥ|
yadicchanto brahmacaryaṃ caranti tatte padaṃ saṅgraheṇa pravakṣye || 11 ||
yadicchanto brahmacaryaṃ caranti tatte padaṃ saṅgraheṇa pravakṣye || 11 ||
- yatwhich
- akṣaramimperishable
- vedavidaḥVEDA-knowers (veda:VEDA | vidaḥ:knowers)
- vadantideclare
- viśantienter
- yatwhich
- yatayaḥself-controlled
- vītarāgāḥdesire-freed (vīta:freed | rāgāḥ:desires)
- yatwhich
- icchantaḥdesiring
- brahmacaryamBRAHMCHARYA
- carantipractise
- tatthat
- teto thee
- padamgoal
- saṅgraheṇain brief
- pravakṣyeI will declare
sarvadvārāṇi saṃyamya mano hṛdi nirudhya ca |
mūrdhnyādhāyātmanaḥ prāṇamāsthito yogadhāraṇām || 12 ||
mūrdhnyādhāyātmanaḥ prāṇamāsthito yogadhāraṇām || 12 ||
- sarvadvārāṇiall gates (sarva:all | dvārāṇi:gates)
- saṃyamyahaving controlled
- manomind
- hṛdiin the heart
- nirudhyahaving confined
- caand
- mūrdhniin the head
- ādhāyahaving fixed
- ātmanaḥof the self
- prāṇamlife-breath
- āsthitaḥengaged
- yogadhāraṇāmpractice of concentration (yoga:concentration | dhāraṇām:practice)
omityekākṣaraṃ brahma vyāharanmāmanusmaran |
yaḥ prayāti tyajandehaṃ sa yāti paramāṃ gatim || 13 ||
yaḥ prayāti tyajandehaṃ sa yāti paramāṃ gatim || 13 ||
- omOM
- itithus
- ekākṣaramone-syllabled (eka:one | akṣaram:syllable)
- brahmaBrahman
- vyāharanuttering
- māmMe
- anusmaranremembering
- yaḥwho
- prayātideparts
- tyajanleaving
- dehambody
- sahe
- yātiattains
- paramāmSupreme
- gatimGoal
ananyacetāḥ satataṃ yo māṃ smarati nityaśaḥ |
tasyāhaṃ sulabhaḥ pārtha nityayuktasya yoginaḥ || 14 ||
tasyāhaṃ sulabhaḥ pārtha nityayuktasya yoginaḥ || 14 ||
- ananyacetāḥwith undistracted mind (ananya:undistracted | cetāḥ:mind)
- satatamalways
- yaḥwho
- māmMe
- smaratiremembers
- nityaśaḥconstantly
- tasyato him
- ahamI
- sulabhaḥeasily attainable
- pārthaO Partha
- nityayuktasyaof the ever-steadfast (nitya:ever | yuktasya:of the steadfast)
- yoginaḥof the Yogi
māmupetya punarjanma duḥkhālayamaśāśvatam |
nāpnuvanti mahātmānaḥ saṃsiddhiṃ paramāṃ gatāḥ || 15 ||
nāpnuvanti mahātmānaḥ saṃsiddhiṃ paramāṃ gatāḥ || 15 ||
- māmme
- upetyahaving attained
- punaḥagain
- janmabirth
- duḥkhālayamhouse of pain (duḥkha:pain | ālayam:house)
- aśāśvatamnon-eternal
- nanot
- āpnuvantiattain
- mahātmānaḥgreat souls (mahā:great | ātmānaḥ:souls)
- saṃsiddhimhighest perfection
- paramāmsupreme
- gatāḥhaving reached
ābrahmabhuvanāllokāḥ punarāvartino'rjuna |
māmupetya tu kaunteya punarjanma na vidyate || 16 ||
māmupetya tu kaunteya punarjanma na vidyate || 16 ||
- ābrahmabhuvanātfrom Brahma's world (ā:from | brahma:Brahma | bhuvanāt:world)
- lokāḥworlds
- punarāvartinaḥsubject to rebirth (punar:again | āvartinaḥ:returning)
- arjunaO Arjuna
- māmme
- upetyahaving reached
- tubut
- kaunteyaO son of Kunti
- punarjanmarebirth (punar:again | janma:birth)
- nanot
- vidyateexists
sahasrayugaparyantamaharyadbrahmaṇo viduḥ |
rātriṃ yugasahasrāntāṃ te'horātravido janāḥ || 17 ||
rātriṃ yugasahasrāntāṃ te'horātravido janāḥ || 17 ||
- sahasrayugaparyantamlasting a thousand yugas (sahasra:thousand | yuga:yugas | paryantam:lasting)
- ahaḥday
- yatwhich
- brahmaṇaḥof Brahma
- viduḥknow
- rātrimnight
- yugasahasrāntāmending in a thousand yugas (yuga:yugas | sahasra:thousand | antām:ending)
- tethey
- ahorātravidaḥknowers of day and night (ahaḥ:day | rātra:night | vidaḥ:knowers)
- janāḥpeople
avyaktādvyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ prabhavantyaharāgame |
rātryāgame pralīyante tatraivāvyaktasañjñake || 18 ||
rātryāgame pralīyante tatraivāvyaktasañjñake || 18 ||
- avyaktādfrom the unmanifested
- vyaktayaḥmanifested beings
- sarvāḥall
- prabhavantiproceed
- aharāgameat the coming of day (ahar:day | āgame:at the coming)
- rātryāgameat the coming of night (rātri:night | āgame:at the coming)
- pralīyantedissolve
- tatrathere
- evaindeed
- avyaktasaṃjñakein that called unmanifest (avyakta:unmanifest | saṃjñake:in that called)
bhūtagrāmaḥ sa evāyaṃ bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate |
rātryāgame'vaśaḥ pārtha prabhavatyaharāgame || 19 ||
rātryāgame'vaśaḥ pārtha prabhavatyaharāgame || 19 ||
- bhūtagrāmaḥmultitude of beings (bhūta:being | grāmaḥ:multitude)
- sathat
- evaindeed
- ayamthis
- bhūtvāhaving been
- bhūtvāhaving been
- pralīyatedissolves
- rātryāgameat the coming of night (rātri:night | āgame:at the coming)
- avaśaḥhelplessly
- pārthaO Partha
- prabhavaticomes forth
- aharāgameat the coming of day (ahar:day | āgame:at the coming)
parastasmāttu bhāvo'nyo'vyakto'vyaktātsanātanaḥ |
yaḥ sa sarveṣu bhūteṣu naśyatsu na vinaśyati || 20 ||
yaḥ sa sarveṣu bhūteṣu naśyatsu na vinaśyati || 20 ||
- paraḥhigher
- tasmātthan that
- tubut
- bhāvaḥexistence
- anyaḥanother
- avyaktaḥunmanifested
- avyaktātthan the unmanifested
- sanātanaḥeternal
- yaḥwhich
- saḥthat
- sarveṣuin all
- bhūteṣuin beings
- naśyatsubeing destroyed
- nanot
- vinaśyatiis destroyed
avyakto'kṣara ityuktastamāhuḥ paramāṃ gatim |
yaṃ prāpya na nivartante taddhāma paramaṃ mama || 21 ||
yaṃ prāpya na nivartante taddhāma paramaṃ mama || 21 ||
- avyaktaḥunmanifest
- akṣaraḥimperishable
- itithus
- uktaḥis called
- tamthat
- āhuḥthey say
- paramāmhighest
- gatimgoal
- yamwhich
- prāpyahaving reached
- nanot
- nivartantereturn
- tatthat
- dhāmaabode
- paramamsupreme
- mamamy
puruṣaḥ sa paraḥ pārtha bhaktyā labhyastvananyayā |
yasyāntaḥsthāni bhūtāni yena sarvamidaṃ tatam || 22 ||
yasyāntaḥsthāni bhūtāni yena sarvamidaṃ tatam || 22 ||
- puruṣaḥperson
- sahe
- paraḥsupreme
- pārthaO Partha
- bhaktyāby devotion
- labhyaḥattainable
- tubut
- ananyayāunswerving
- yasminwithin whom
- antaḥsthānidwell
- bhūtānibeings
- yenaby whom
- sarvamall
- idamthis
- tatampervaded
yatra kāle tvanāvṛttimāvṛttiṃ caiva yoginaḥ |
prayātā yānti taṃ kālaṃ vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha || 23 ||
prayātā yānti taṃ kālaṃ vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha || 23 ||
- yatrawhere
- kāleat the time
- tubut
- anāvṛttimnon-return
- āvṛttiṃreturn
- caand
- evaindeed
- yoginaḥyogis
- prayātāḥdeparted
- yāntigo
- taṃthat
- kālaṃtime
- vakṣyāmiI will tell
- bharatarṣabhaO Chief of Bharatas (bharata:Bharata | ṛṣabha:chief)
agnirjyotirahaḥ śuklaḥ ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇam |
tatra prayātā gacchanti brahma brahmavido janāḥ || 24 ||
tatra prayātā gacchanti brahma brahmavido janāḥ || 24 ||
- agniḥfire
- jyotiḥlight
- ahaḥday-time
- śuklaḥbright fortnight
- ṣaṇmāsāḥsix months
- uttarāyaṇamnorthern solstice
- tatrathere
- prayātāḥdeparted
- gacchantigo
- brahmaBrahman
- brahmavidaḥknowers of Brahman (brahma:Brahman | vidaḥ:knowers)
- janāḥpeople
dhūmo rātristathā kṛṣṇaḥ ṣaṇmāsā dakṣiṇāyanam |
tatra cāndramasaṃ jyotiryogī prāpya nivartate || 25 ||
tatra cāndramasaṃ jyotiryogī prāpya nivartate || 25 ||
- dhūmaḥsmoke
- rātriḥnight
- tathāalso
- kṛṣṇaḥdark
- ṣaṇmāsāḥsix months
- dakṣiṇāyanamsouthern solstice
- tatrathere
- cāndramasamlunar (candra:moon | masam:related to)
- jyotiḥlight
- yogīyogi
- prāpyaattaining
- nivartatereturns
śuklakṛṣṇe gatī hyete jagataḥ śāśvate mate |
ekayā yātyanāvṛttimanyayāvartate punaḥ || 26 ||
ekayā yātyanāvṛttimanyayāvartate punaḥ || 26 ||
- śuklakṛṣṇelight and dark (śukla:light | kṛṣṇe:dark)
- gatīpaths
- hiindeed
- etethese
- jagataḥof the world
- śāśvateeternal
- matethought
- ekayāby one
- yātigoes
- anāvṛttimnon-return
- anyayāby the other
- āvartatereturns
- punaḥagain
naite sṛtī pārtha jānanyogī muhyati kaścana |
tasmātsarveṣu kāleṣu yogayukto bhavārjuna || 27 ||
tasmātsarveṣu kāleṣu yogayukto bhavārjuna || 27 ||
- nanot
- etethese
- sṛtīpaths
- pārthaO Partha
- jānanknowing
- yogīYogin
- muhyatiis deluded
- kaścanaanyone
- tasmāttherefore
- sarveṣuin all
- kāleṣutimes
- yogayuktaḥsteadfast in yoga (yoga:yoga | yuktaḥ:steadfast)
- bhavabe
- arjunaO Arjuna
vedeṣu yajñeṣu tapaḥsu caiva dāneṣu yatpuṇyaphalaṃ pradiṣṭam|
atyeti tatsarvamidaṃ viditvāyogī paraṃ sthānamupaiti cādyam || 28 ||
atyeti tatsarvamidaṃ viditvāyogī paraṃ sthānamupaiti cādyam || 28 ||
- vedeṣuin the Vedas
- yajñeṣuin the sacrifices
- tapaḥsuin the austerities
- caand
- evaindeed
- dāneṣuin the charities
- yatwhich
- puṇyaphalaṃfruit of merit (puṇya:merit | phalaṃ:fruit)
- pradiṣṭamdeclared
- atyetigoes beyond
- tatthat
- sarvamall
- idaṃthis
- viditvāhaving known
- yogīthe yogin
- paraṃsupreme
- sthānamplace
- upaitiattains
- caand
- ādyamprimeval
oṃ tatsaditi śrīmadbhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yogaśāstre
śrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṃvāde akṣarabrahmayogo nāmāṣṭamo'dhyāyaḥ ||8 ||
śrīkṛṣṇārjunasaṃvāde akṣarabrahmayogo nāmāṣṭamo'dhyāyaḥ ||8 ||
